APA Reference

Basic Format for Books:

Author, A. A. (year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.

One Author: Last name first, followed by author initials

Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligences: The theory in practice. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Two Authors (also edition other than the first): List by their last names and initials. Use the ampersand instead of “and.”

Campbell, P. S., & Scott-Kassner, C. (2013). Music in childhood: From preschool through the elementary grades (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Schirmer Cengage Learning.

Three to Seven Authors: List by last names and in initials; commas separate author names, while the last author name is preceded by an ampersand.

Edited Book, No Author:

Stauffer, S. (Ed.). (1995). Toward tomorrow: New visions for general music. Reston, VA: Music Educators National Conference.

Edited Book with an Author or Authors:

Comenius, J. A. (1896). School of infancy: An essay on the education of youth during the first six years. (W. S. Monroe, Ed.). Boston, MA: D. C. Heath & Co.

A Translation:

Pestalozzi, J. H. (1898). How Gertrude teaches her children: An attempt to help mothers teach their own children (2nd ed.). (L. E. Holland, Trans. & E. Cooke, Ed.). Syracuse, NY: C. W. Bardeen. (Original work published 1801).

Dissertation Published:

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Name of database. (Accession or Order Number)

Gruenhagen, L. M. (2007). Investigating professional development: Early childhood music teacher learning in a community of practice (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (UMI 3295323)

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor and B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: Publisher.

Article in Periodical:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages.

Spodek, B., & Saracho, O. N. (2003). On the shoulders of giants: Exploring the traditions of early childhood education. Early Childhood Education Journal, 31(1), 3–10.

Article From an Online Periodical:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number(issue number if available). Retrieved from http://someaddress.com/full/url

Serafine, M. L. (1980). Piagetian research in music. Council of Research in Music Education, 62, 1–21. Available from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40317589

Article From an Online Periodical with DOI Assigned:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. doi: 0000000/000000000000

Rajan, R. S. (2013). I’ve got rhythm! Fostering child-centered musical activities for preschools. General Music Today, 26(2), 9–13. doi: 10.1177/1048371312447937

Nonperiodical Web Document or Report:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of document. Retrieved from http://Web address

Archival Documents & Collections:

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of material [Description of material]. Name of Collection (Call number, Box number, File name or number, etc.). Name of Repository, Location.

Sci-Art Publishers. (1935). Sci-Art Publications [Brochure]. Cambridge, MA: Author. A. A. Roback Papers (HUGFP 104.50, Box 2, Folder “Miscellaneous Psychological Materials”). Harvard University Archives, Cambridge, MA.

Free APA (6th ed.) Online Resource: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/